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Vol. 24, No. 2. Pp. 124–136

Adyghe Int. Sci. J. Vol. 24, No. 2. Pp. 124–136. 

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.47928/1726-9946-2024-24-2-124-136
EDN: CXUFGI

FIELD-CROP-CULTIVATION

UDK 631.554:[631.559:633.1] (470.64) Original Article

Productivity and quality of winter wheat grain depending on the level of mineral nutrition in the conditions

of vertical zoning of the central part of the North Caucasus

Irina Mironovna Khanieva
Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor of the Department of Agronomy, Kabardino-Balkarian Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov, Russia, (Nalchik, Lenin Ave., 1b), https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6415-5832 , imhanieva@mail.ru
Yuri Mukhamedovich Shogenov
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Agronomy, Kabardino-Balkarian Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov, Russia, (Nalchik, Lenin Ave., 1b), tel. 8(903) 492-52-49, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0224-057X , yshogenov@mail.ru

Abstract. The article examines the productivity and grain quality of winter wheat varieties depending on the level of mineral nutrition and vertical zonality of Kabardino-Balkaria. The purpose of the field experiment was to establish the parameters of productivity and grain quality of winter wheat varieties depending on the doses of mineral fertilizers and climatic zones of the CBD. The predecessor in all zones was corn for silage without the use of fertilizers. The soils of the experimental plots and their agrochemical characteristics are as follows: steppe zone – ordinary chernozem, mechanical composition – heavy loamy, content of mobile phosphorus 40 mg/kg, exchangeable potassium 330 mg/kg (according to Machigin), NO3 28.2 mg/kg, sulfur 9.1 mg/kg, copper 2.3 mg/kg, zinc 3.8 mg/kg, humus 3.7%, pH (salt) 7.3; foothill zone – leached chernozem, mechanical composition – clay, content-mobile phosphorus 58 mg / kg, exchangeable potassium 98 mg/kg (according to Chirikov), NO3 38 mg/kg, sulfur 11.5 mg/kg, copper 1.6 mg/kg, zinc 3.5 mg/kg, humus 4.6%, pH(salt) 5.8; the mountain zone is ordinary chernozem, the mechanical composition is clay, the content of mobile phosphorus is 40 mg/kg, exchangeable potassium is 255 mg/kg (according to Machigin), NO3 is 35 mg/kg, sulfur is 2.5 mg/kg, copper is 0.7 mg/kg, zinc is 0.3 mg/kg, humus is 4.3%, pH (salt) 6,7. The repeatability of experiments in all zones is fourfold. The objects of the study were varieties of winter wheat Bezostaya 1 (standard) and Nakhodka. It was established during research on the cultivation of winter wheat varieties in various zones of Kabardino-Balkaria that the Bezostaya 1 variety (standard) yielded grain yields on average over the years from 3.52 t/ha to 5.20 t/ha in the steppe zone, from 3.77 to 5.72 t/ha in the foothill and from 3.91 to 6.00 t/ ha in the mountainous zone, for the Nakhodka variety, these indicators in the steppe range are 3.78–5.77 t/ha, foothill – 3.87–6.44 t /ha and mountainous – 6.10–6.62 t/ha. The maximum grain yield was obtained at a dose of N60P120K60. Qualitative indicators such as 1000 grain weight, natural grain weight, protein and gluten content were higher in the steppe zone compared to the foothill and mountainous zones. A comparative analysis of the varieties showed that the Nakhodka variety is superior in yield by 0.4–1.1 t/ha or 8.1–24.8% in zones, by weight of 1000 grains by 2.6–3.0 g or 6.7–7.7%, by natural grain weight by 18.4–24.8 g or 2.3–3.1%, by protein 0.2% or 1.3% (steppe zone) and for gluten by 0.6–3.0% or 2.1–10.6%.

Keywords: fertilizers, yield, variety, protein, gluten, natural weight, weight of 1000 grains, ecological zone.

Funding. The work was not carried out within the framework of funds.

Competing interests. There are no conflicts of interest regarding authorship and publication.

Contribution and Responsibility. All authors contributed to this article. Authors are solely responsible for providing the final version of the article in print. The final version of the manuscript was approved by all authors.

For citation. Khanieva I. M., Shogenov Y. M. Productivity and quality of winter wheat grain depending on the level of mineral nutrition in the conditions of vertical zoning of the central part of the North Caucasus. Adyghe Int. Sci. J. 2024. Vol. 24, No. 2. Pp. 124–136.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.47928/1726-9946-2024-24-2-124-136; EDN: CXUFGI

Submitted 11.03.2024; approved after reviewing 14.06.2024; accepted for publication 19.06.2024.

© Khanieva I. M., Shogenov Y. M., 2024

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